The surface characteristics of graphenes and graphite based nanofillers are analyzed in regarding of activity, porosity and roughness in comparison to mechanical and dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposites based on graphene in a NBR matrix. From adsorption isotherms of the fillers information about surface area, roughness and surface hetero- geneities is evaluated. Additionally different models are used to evaluate a pore size distribution. The composites were prepared in a conventional way by melt mixing. These graphene based elastomer nanocomposites are mechanically and electrically characterized and compared to conventional carbon black. It is demonstrated that graphene nanocomposite show significantly different behavior com pared to standard carbon black. The properties strongly depend on the graphene type. Promising results for industrial applications were found specially in the case of graphene composites with softener.